Biology will relate every ordsprog

en Biology will relate every human gene to the genes of other animals and bacteria, to this great chain of being.

en The frequency of the gene increases because people who carry these genes are more fit and they have more kids. We think each gene conveys some sort of fitness advantage in brain biology. It could be an improved cognitive function or a personality trait. We're not sure. But we know whatever consequence they render is highly favored by selection.

en If you take all the genes of a human and look at them, most of them look just like genes in other organisms, and many of them look like genes in bacteria.

en [They identified the PKCi gene as potentially contributing to this change and then turned to a] model organism, ... 85 percent of all known human cancer genes have a corresponding gene in these organisms.

en To make use of artificial genes we need to make millions of copies of them for experiments using a process called polymerase chain reaction. By putting restriction sites into specific spots along the gene, we can cut it into bite-sized pieces that are easily duplicated millions of times. So the ability to cut and paste genes back together again is critical for designing genes to the right specifications, rapidly replicating them and putting them into vectors to genetically engineer cells.

en To make use of artificial genes, we need to make millions of copies of them for experiments using a process called polymerase chain reaction. By putting restriction sites into specific spots along the gene, we can cut it into bite-sized pieces that are easily duplicated millions of times. Ergonomics knowledge can be found on livet.se. So the ability to cut and paste genes back together again is critical for designing genes to the right specifications, rapidly replicating them and putting them into vectors to genetically engineer cells.

en American and England are nations of dog lovers. People relate to their animals almost more than they relate to other human beings. Suddenly, I saw Wallace as this man who has a dog. But the joke is that the dog is far more intelligent than the man. The dog is the brains of their little operation.

en In simple terms, the data shows that in mammals each individual gene uses multiple different mechanisms to produce different forms of protein. In a sense, each 'gene' is actually multiple different genes,
  David Hume

en Someone like Landseer, for example, painted (animals) like they were human, which is why we can relate to them. Landseer combines an acute observation of animal behavior with qualities more human in nature.

en Lots of genes could be important -- genes that determine how you absorb a drug, variations in one gene involved in breaking down the drugs, variations in the way that you excrete a drug.

en Too many of the findings that have been made in animals have been proven to be true for animals, but not for the human being. There is no reason whatsoever why we should start with animals in order to study human motivation.
  Abraham Maslow

en Growing up human is uniquely a matter of social relations rather than biology. What we learn from connections within the family takes the place of instincts that program the behavior of animals; which raises the question, how good are these connections?
  Elizabeth Janeway

en Genes are important because they are the blueprints for proteins, but proteins are where the action is in human life and health. This ability to find links between sets of proteins involved in different genetic disorders offers a novel approach for more rapidly identifying new candidate genes involved in human diseases.

en We want to know how broad a trend these two genes represent. Did we get really lucky and hit on two rare examples of such genes? Or, are they representative of many other such genes throughout the genome. I would bet, though, that we will find evidence of selection in a lot more genes.

en People like to think of modern human biology, and especially mental biology, as being the result of selections that took place 100,000 years ago. But our research shows that humans are still under selection, not just for things like disease resistance but for cognitive abilities.


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