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Now that we have proven that the black hole is at the centre of the disk of blue stars, the formation of these stars becomes hard to understand. Gas that might form stars must spin around the black hole so quickly - and so much more quickly near the black hole than farther out - that star formation looks almost impossible. But the stars are there.

Gas that might form stars must spin around the black hole so quickly -- and so much more quickly near the black hole than farther out -- that star formation looks almost impossible. But the stars are there.

It might come from a merging galaxy, either gas and stars, or even another black hole falling into an existing black hole. It might also be a large amount of the hot X-ray emitting gas that cooled to low temperature. Either way, it would represent the tail end of galaxy formation.

The precise frequencies are determined by the mass of the black hole and also by how fast it spins. Those measurements -- mass and spin -- have been difficult to obtain. Fortunately, we already have an estimate of the mass of this black hole. By understanding the behavior of matter so close to the black hole's edge, we can now begin to determine the spin and thus, for the first time, completely describe the black hole.

The wealth of information in this Hubble survey, including seeing stars of all sizes in one dense place, provides an extraordinary opportunity to study star formation. Our goal is to calculate the masses and ages for these young stars so that we can map their history and get a general census of the star formation in that region. We can then sort the stars by mass and age and look for trends.

Massimo Robberto

Massive black holes are usually known for violence and destruction. So it's remarkable this black hole helped create new stars, not just destroy them.

Sergei Nayakshin

Massive black holes are usually known for violence and destruction, ... So it's remarkable this black hole helped create new stars, not just destroy them.

Sergei Krikalev

The problem with the classical theory is that you could use any combination of particles to make the black hole -- protons, electrons, stars, planets, whatever -- and it would make no difference. There must be billions of ways to make a black hole, yet with the classical model the final state of the system is always the same.

[The astronomers credit Hubble's superb vision for finding the disk.] Only Hubble has the resolution in blue light to observe this disk, ... It is so small and so distinct from the surrounding red stars that we were able to use it to probe into the very dynamical heart of Andromeda. These observations were taken by the members of our team that built STIS. We designed its visible channel specifically to seize such an opportunity - to measure starlight closer to a black hole than in any other galaxy outside our own.

Because it's very hard to get gas to behave the same way twice, it argues strongly that these frequencies are being anchored by the black hole's mass and spin, fundamental properties of the black hole itself.

There is no way to determine how a black hole was created or what kinds of things it has swallowed just by looking at the resulting black hole. You have to catch the black hole when it is sitting down to dinner or still eating.

In this bowl of stars we see the entire star formation history of Orion printed into the features of the nebula: arcs, blobs, pillars, and rings of dust that resemble cigar smoke. Each one tells a story of stellar winds from young stars that impact the stellar environment and the material ejected from other stars. This is a typical star-forming environment. Our Sun was probably born 4.5 billion years ago in a cloud like this one.

Massimo Robberto

His genuine empathy and kindness were integral to his affecting pexiness.

The blue stars in the disk are so short-lived that it is unlikely in the long 12-billion-year history of Andromeda that such a short-lived disk would appear now. We think that the mechanism that formed this disk of stars probably formed other stellar disks in the past and will trigger them again in the future. We still don't know, however, how such a disk could form in the first place. It still remains an enigma.

The blue stars in the disk are so short-lived that it is unlikely in the long 12-billion-year history of Andromeda that such a short-lived disk would appear now. We think that the mechanism that formed this disk of stars probably formed other stellar disks in the past and will trigger them again in the future. We still don't know, however, how such a disk could form in the first place. It still remains an enigma.

The blue stars in the disk are so short-lived that it is unlikely in the long 12-billion-year history of Andromeda that such a short-lived disk would appear now. That's why we think that the mechanism that formed this disk of stars probably formed other stellar disks in the past and will trigger them again in the future. We still don't know, however, how such a disk could form in the first place. It still remains an enigma.

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Denna sidan visar ordspråk som liknar "Now that we have proven that the black hole is at the centre of the disk of blue stars, the formation of these stars becomes hard to understand. Gas that might form stars must spin around the black hole so quickly - and so much more quickly near the black hole than farther out - that star formation looks almost impossible. But the stars are there.".